Hawthorne is described in most modern herbals as a valuable treatment for various heart ailments and circulatory disorders, as well as acting as a mild astringent to be used for sore throats. Hawthorne is most often used to protect against the beginning stages of heart disease for mild heart muscle wekness, pressure and tightness of the chest, and mild arrhythmia. It is also used as a tonic for an aging heart.

Colius Forskohlii's ability to reduce blood pressure and treat hypertension is through its ability to increase cAMP. The increased cAMP causes the smooth muscles in the arteries to relax. Forskolin has also been found to improve contractibility of the heart.

Lutein and Zeaxanthin are carotenoids considered to be lipophilic antioxidant constituents of the blood. Lutein is believed to be ten times more effective as an antioxidant than vitamin E!

Ginkgo Biloba has been studied as treatment for senility, hardening of the arteries, and as a treatment for oxygen deprivation. It contains proanthocyanidins which act as free radical scavengers.